This is the structure of Vitamin A: ======================================= A six membered ring with a methyl group on the first carbon (bottom right), two hydrogens on the second carbon (bottom), two hydrogens on the third carbon (bottom left), two hydrogens on the fourth carbon (top left), and two methyl groups on the fifth (top) carbon. the sixth carbon is double bonded to the first carbon (the one at the bottom right with the methyl group). This sixth carbon also has a single bond to another carbon, which starts a chain. This chain consists of nine carbon atoms (not counting the carbon which is a part of the ring). The first carbon of this side chain has one hydrogen and is double bonded to the second in the chain. The second has a single hydrogen, and is single bonded to the third carbon in the chain. This third carbon has a methyl group and is double bonded to the fourth carbon of the side chain. The fourth carbon has a single hydrogen atom, and is single bonded to a fifth carbon. The fifth carbon has only one hydrogen atom too, and is double bonded to the sixth which also only a single hydrogen atom. The sixth carbon atom of the side chain is single bonded to the seventh, which has a methyl group and is double bonded to the eighth carbon atom of the chain. Finally the eighth carbon atom (which has a single hydrogen carbon attached) is single bonded to the the ninth and last carbon atom of the side chain which has two hydrogen atoms attached and one alcohol group. Methyl groups consist of one carbon with three hydrogen atoms attached. An alcoholic group consists of a single oxygen atom bonded to a single hydrogen atom. Roughly, Vitamin A looks like this in ASCII art: CH3 CH3 H \ / H CH3 H CH3 H H-C--C--C--C==C--C==C--C==C--C==C---C--OH | || H H H H H H-C--C--C--CH3 H H H =END===================================